by Veeresh. P
(POLITICAL SCIENCE) CITIZEN AND CITIZENSHIP
I Fill in the blanks with suitable words:
1. The people living in India under the British rule were termed as ____________
2. A temporarily residing foreigner in our country is called ______
3. Citizenship Act was passed in the year ______
4. The method through which you have acquired citizenship is ___________
Ans: 1. Subjects; 2. Alien; 3. 1955; 4. by birth
II. Answer the following questions briefly:
1. What is citizenship?
Ans. The term 'citizen' in modern times refers to a person who is full-fledged member of the state, enjoying all rights - civil, political and economic and owing allegiance to the state to which he belongs.
2. What are the benefits enjoyed by a citizen?
Ans. The benefits enjoyed by a citizen are as follows:
(a) He enjoys security and gets protection from the state.
(b) He enjoys a peaceful life as the state ensures law and order.
(c) In modern times under social welfare schemes, he enjoys benefits like education, health, insurance, settlements, employment, and such others provided by the state.
(d) He enjoys both the civil and political rights.
(e) He enjoys the fundamental right, guaranteed by the state.
(f) He can participate in the political processes like voting and contesting in the elections.
(g) He is eligible to occupy certain offices such as those of the President of India, Judge of the Supreme Court, High Courts and such others.
(h) He is eligible for recruitment to all public services.
3. Name the body which has the authority to legislate the laws on citizenship in India.
Ans. Parliament is the sole authority to legislate the laws of citizenship in India.
4. Mention the methods of acquiring citizenship.
Ans. The methods of acquiring citizenship are-
(1) Citizenship by birth
(2) Citizenship by descent
(3) Citizenship by registration
(4) Citizenship by naturalization
(5) Citizenship by incorporation of a new territory.
5. Explain citizenship by naturalization.
Ans. Foreigners can acquire Indian citizenship by naturalization, by submitting an application to the concerned authority, i.e., the President of India. Certain conditions have to be fulfilled by them before submitting the application. They should have lived in India for not less than a period of five (5) years.
6. What are the methods of losing citizenship'?
Ans. Some of the important ways of losing citizenship may be stated as follows:
(a) Renunciation: Any Indian may renounce citizenship voluntarily by submitting an application before the concerned authority.
(b) Termination: If any citizen of India acquires the citizenship of any other country his Indian citizenship is terminated by law. This procedure does not require the submission of any application.
(c) Deprivation: If any person has obtained the citizenship of India by fraud or if he/she has indulged in anti-national Activities or shown disloyalty towards the Constitution of India, the Government of India deprives him/her of his/ her citizenship. It is forced termination.
7. Mention a situation under which citizenship is terminated?
Ans. If any citizen of India acquires citizenship of any other country his Indian citizenship is terminated by law. This procedure does not require the submission of any application.
8. Mention the types of citizenship and write the differences between them.
Ans. Types of citizenship: There are two types of citizenship. They are single citizenship and dual citizenship.
In a single citizenship people have only one citizenship. That is national citizenship irrespective of the province that he belongs to. There is no separate state citizenship for e.g. India.
In federal stales like USA and Switzerland there is a dual citizenship. That means every individual obtains State citizenship in which he lives and national citizenship also.
9. What are the duties of a citizen towards his nation?
Ans. The duties of a citizen towards his nation are as follows:
He must respect the constitution and obey the laws of the government.
(b) Must protect the national honour and dignity by his words and deeds.
(c) Must not indulge in anti-national activities.
(d) Must oppose and check the evil practices like corruption,
nepotism, dowry, child marriage, etc., through constitutional means.
(e) Must participate in the political activities of the state.
(f) Must work for national progress.
(g) Must pay taxes regularly.
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